What type of cast contains epithelial cells?

• A. Epithelial cast
• B. Leukocyte cast
• C. Erythrocyte cast
• D. Waxy cast

Answer: (A)

An epithelial cast is formed from the sloughing off of epithelial cells that line the renal tubules. This type of cast is indicative of renal tubular injury or damage, as it reflects a disturbance in the normal function or integrity of the renal tubules. When there is tubular injury, epithelial cells may shed and become trapped in the protein matrix that forms the cast, leading to the observed epithelial appearance.

The presence of these casts can be associated with conditions such as acute tubular necrosis or other forms of kidney damage. In urine analysis, identifying the type of cast present can provide valuable information about the underlying health of the renal system, as different casts can reflect different pathological processes. Understanding the significance of epithelial casts helps in diagnosing and managing renal diseases effectively.