What is the significance of performing a CBC (Complete Blood Count) in clinical pathology?

• A. To measure enzyme levels in the serum
• B. To evaluate the overall immune function and detect blood disorders
• C. To determine hydration levels
• D. To assess kidney function

Answer: (B)

Performing a Complete Blood Count (CBC) is significant in clinical pathology because it provides valuable information about a patient's overall health status, particularly regarding their blood and immune system. The CBC evaluates various components of the blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelets. By analyzing these components, a CBC can identify conditions such as anemia, infections, inflammatory diseases, and blood clotting disorders.

The results can indicate how well the immune system is functioning; for instance, elevated white blood cell counts may suggest an active infection, while low counts can indicate possible bone marrow issues or an immune deficiency. Overall, a CBC serves as a crucial diagnostic tool for detecting blood disorders and assessing the body's ability to respond to various health challenges.