What does the term "hemolysis" refer to in laboratory diagnostics?

• A. Destruction of platelets
• B. Destruction of red blood cells
• C. Destruction of white blood cells
• D. Destruction of plasma proteins

Answer: (B)

The term "hemolysis" specifically refers to the breakdown or destruction of red blood cells. In laboratory diagnostics, hemolysis can occur naturally or be induced, often leading to the release of hemoglobin into the plasma. This process is significant because it can affect the results of various blood tests, such as those measuring potassium levels, as hemolysis can artificially increase potassium measurements due to its release from within the red blood cells. Understanding hemolysis is critical for accurately interpreting laboratory results and ensuring that any underlying conditions are properly diagnosed.