What are the three parts of a urinalysis (UA)?

• A. Physical, chemical, and enzymatic
• B. Physical, chemical, and microscopic
• C. Microscopic, enzymatic, and biochemical
• D. Chemical, enzymatic, and structural

Answer: (B)

The three parts of a urinalysis (UA) are indeed physical, chemical, and microscopic.

In the physical examination, aspects such as color, clarity, and specific gravity of the urine are evaluated, providing initial insights into hydration status and possible abnormalities. The chemical examination involves testing for various substances using reagent strips, which can reveal the presence of glucose, protein, ketones, pH levels, and other significant markers that indicate health or disease. Finally, the microscopic examination involves analyzing sediment under a microscope to identify cells, crystals, bacteria, and other entities, which can contribute valuable information regarding the urinary tract's health.

Each component of the urinalysis works synergistically to provide a comprehensive assessment of kidney function and metabolic status, making them essential for veterinary diagnostics and treatment planning.